Evidence mapPaperPMID 42487142Full record

Trial reportBMC psychology2026

Efficacy of a psychotherapeutic group intervention for patients with Post-COVID-19 condition: a randomized controlled trial (PsyLoCo study).

Caroline Rometsch, Kimberly Colditz, Melanie Elgner, Christine Allwang, Stephan Zipfel, Florian Junne, Marius Binneböse

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Caroline RometschDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr.5, Tübingen, 72076, Germany. Caroline.Rometsch@med.uni-tuebingen.de.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-0823
Kimberly ColditzMedical Faculty, University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.
Melanie ElgnerMedical Faculty, University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.
Christine AllwangTUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
Stephan ZipfelDepartment of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstr.5, Tübingen, 72076, Germany.
Florian JunneMedical Faculty, University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.
Marius BinneböseMedical Faculty, University Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medicine, Otto-Von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, Magdeburg, 39120, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPersistent physical symptoms such as fatigue following SARS-CoV-2 infection are common and often accompanied by cognitive complaints. Alongside biological mechanisms, psychosocial processes can contribute to symptom persistence. Psychotherapeutic interventions could be beneficial in symptom reduction. However, evidence of group-based psychotherapies tailored to Post-COVID-19 condition (PCS) remains limited.

methodsIn this randomized waitlist-controlled crossover study in an outpatient psychosomatic setting, adults with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and persisting functionally impairing symptoms were randomized to immediate group psychotherapeutic treatment (intervention group, IG) or treatment as usual with delayed group treatment (control/waitlist group, CG). The intervention comprised 10 bi-weekly manual-guided group sessions (50 min) covering psychoeducation, somatic symptom processing, emotional regulation, and social reintegration. Primary outcome was somatic symptom burden (SSS-8). Secondary outcomes were depressive symptoms (PHQ-9) and anxiety symptoms (GAD-7). Childhood maltreatment (CTS) was examined as a moderator. Efficacy in the randomized phase was tested using ANCOVA comparing post-treatment outcomes in the IG with post-waiting outcomes in the CG, adjusted for baseline severity. Three-month follow-up assessments were analyzed descriptively and exploratorily.

trial registrationhttps://osf.io/tdn38/overview on Feb 13, 2024 and German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00040598, registered on 12th June 2026. Retrospectively registered.

resultsForty-eight patients were included (IG n = 21; CG n = 27; mean age 53.3 years; 68.8% females). At baseline, somatic symptom burden was high (SSS-8 M = 15.21; SD = 5.62) with clinically relevant depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 M = 10.94, SD = 4.61) and moderate anxiety (GAD-7 M = 7.22; SD = 4.38). Fatigue-related physical exhaustion and cognitive complaints were the most prominent symptoms. No significant efficacy of the psychotherapeutic group intervention over TAU was observed for SSS-8 (β = - 2.20, SE = 1.25, 95% CI [- 4.77, 0.38], t(27) = - 1.75, p = .091), PHQ-9 (β = - 1.77, SE = 1.51, 95% CI [- 4.87, 1.33], t(26) = - 1.18, p = .251), or GAD-7 (β = - 0.81, SE = 1.47, 95% CI [- 3.84, 2.22], t(26) = - 0.55, p = .588) comparing post-treatment outcomes in the IG with post-waiting outcomes in the CG. Baseline symptom severity robustly predicted post-randomization outcomes during the randomized phase (p < .001). CTS was no moderator for the intervention effect.

conclusionsIn this exploratory randomized controlled trial, the intervention did not show significant superiority over the control condition; findings should be interpreted cautiously given limited statistical power. Future psychotherapeutic group interventions for patients with PCS have to consider outcome measures beyond severity of persistent physical symptoms rather than evaluating global symptom scores. Group-based psychotherapeutic approaches might benefit from flexibility in adaptation for individual patients' needs. Stratification by baseline severity and dominant symptom profiles (e.g., fatigue severity, trauma history) may improve sensitivity to clinically meaningful change.

trial registrationTrial registration: DRKS German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00040598, registered on 12th June 2026. Retrospectively registered.

Indexed as

COVID-19Psychotherapy, GroupAdultAnxietyCross-Over StudiesDepressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPost-Acute COVID-19 SyndromeTreatment OutcomeFatigueGroup psychotherapyPersistent physical symptomsPost-COVID-19SARS-CoV-2-infection

Identifiers

PMID42487142
PMCPMC13393770

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.