Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42487237›Full record

ReviewEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2026

Metabolic and Glycemic Effects of Orforglipron, a GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in Adults With or Without Diabetes: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomised Clinical Trials.

Ahmed W Hageen, Ahmed Farid Gadelmawla, Ahmad Omar Saleh, Mohamed Reyad Mohamed, Abdallfatah Abdallfatah, Ahmed Elsekhary, Amira Fahmy El-Nemr, Safir Eladawi, Odai Maihoub, Hind Abdulhay and 3 more

Abstract readNetwork Meta-AnalysisReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ahmed W HageenFaculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
Ahmed Farid GadelmawlaFaculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5802-2291
Ahmad Omar SalehFaculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan.
Mohamed Reyad MohamedDepartment of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Abdallfatah AbdallfatahFaculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza, Egypt.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5670-2234
Ahmed ElsekharyKasr Alainy School of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Amira Fahmy El-NemrFaculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Safir EladawiFaculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Odai MaihoubDepartment of Pathology, National Hospital, Latakia, Syria.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6463-9005
Hind AbdulhayFaculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Daqahliyah, Egypt.
Mustafa TurkmaniDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4261-0638
Basel AbdelazeemDepartment of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2919-6196
Gregg C FonarowUniversity of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3192-8093

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimOrforglipron (OFG), an oral, non-peptide glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RAs), showed potential benefits for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Its dose-response effects on body weight-related parameters and glycemic outcomes remain incompletely analysed. This network meta-analysis aims to address this gap across multiple doses of OFG (3, 12, 24, 36 and 45 mg) in adults with or without T2DM at 12, 26 and 36 weeks.

methodsPRISMA guidelines were followed in our study. Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for randomised controlled trials. Random-effects models expressed OFG effects as odds ratios (OR), mean difference (MD) and standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RStudio software (version 4.5.1) was used for analysis.

resultsSix RCTs comprising 4878 participants were included. OFG demonstrated reductions in body weight, BMI and waist circumference across all follow-ups. OFG 45 mg dose produced the greatest effects in body weight (SMD: -1.71 kg at 12 weeks, MD: -8.81 kg at 26 weeks and MD: -12.13 kg at 36 weeks vs. placebo). Categorical weight-loss analyses showed that individuals receiving 24-45 mg increased the odds to achieve ≥ 5%, ≥ 10% and ≥ 15% weight loss at 26 weeks. Glycemic outcomes improved across all doses, with the greatest HbA1c reduction at 45 mg (-1.65%; 95% CI -1.98 to -1.32) and greatest fasting glucose improvement at 36 mg dose. Treatment-emergent adverse events increased with dose.

conclusionOFG demonstrated improvements in weight-related outcomes and glycemic outcomes. Adverse events increased with dose, consistent with expected class tolerability.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsObesityAdultBody WeightDose-Response Relationship, DrugFluorine CompoundsGlycated HemoglobinHumansOxadiazolesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicWeight LossBlood GlucoseFluorine CompoundsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic AgentsorforglipronOxadiazolesbody weightglucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistsHbA1cobesityorforglipron

Identifiers

PMID42487237
PMCPMC13392217

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.