Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42488217›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026

Psychometric validation of the Turkish version of the short nutrition literacy scale and its association with intuitive eating and body appreciation in young adults.

Ezgi Makan, Salim Yilmaz, Ahmet Murat Gunal

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Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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3 authors.

Ezgi MakanDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Salim YilmazDepartment of Health Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Ahmet Murat GunalDepartment of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Halic University, Istanbul, Türkiye.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Nutrition literacy is a key determinant of dietary behaviors and long-term health outcomes, particularly during young adulthood, when lifelong eating patterns are established. Although the Short Nutrition Literacy Scale (S-NutLit) has been validated in several cultural contexts, evidence supporting a culturally appropriate and methodologically robust Turkish version remains limited. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Turkish version of the S-NutLit (S-NutLit-TR) and to examine its relationship with intuitive eating and body appreciation among Turkish young adults. Methods: This cross-sectional methodological study included 367 Turkish young adults aged 18-24 years. The S-NutLit was translated and culturally adapted following standardized guidelines. Dimensionality was examined using Exploratory Graph Analysis (EGA) and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis and bifactor modeling. Measurement invariance across sex and body mass index (BMI) categories was also tested. Reliability was assessed using classical and bifactor indices. Construct validity was evaluated through correlations with intuitive eating and body appreciation. Additionally, mediation analyses examined whether intuitive eating mediated the relationship between nutrition literacy and body appreciation. Results: EGA revealed that SNUTLIT7 (knowledge of national dietary guidelines) exhibited critically low bootstrap stability (33.3%) and ambiguous dimensional assignment. Following its removal, structural consistency improved substantially (Expert Skills: 58.8% to 100%). The bifactor model demonstrated excellent fit (CFI = 0.997, RMSEA = 0.062), and the general factor explaining substantial common variance. Scalar invariance was achieved across sex and BMI categories. Nutrition literacy significantly predicted body appreciation through intuitive eating (β = 0.102), with expert skills showing full mediation via eating for physical rather than emotional reasons. Discussion: The 10-item S-NutLit-TR demonstrates robust psychometric properties and measurement equivalence across demographic subgroups. The integration of network psychometrics with bifactor modeling offers a rigorous framework for cross-cultural scale validation. The scale may serve as a valuable tool for nutritional epidemiology and public health interventions targeting young adults in Türkiye.

Indexed as

bifactor modelbody appreciationexploratory graph analysisintuitive eatingmeasurement invariancenetwork psychometricsnutrition literacyscale validation

Identifiers

PMID42488217
PMCPMC13389934

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