Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42489249›Full record

ArticleThe clinical respiratory journal2026

In-Hospital Complications of Influenza A and B Among Hospitalized Australian Children in the Post-COVID Era.

Angelica Wei Wen Hii, Jahidur Rahman Khan, Kishor Kumar Paul, Mei Chan, Nan Hu, Brendan McMullan, Philip N Britton, Adam W Bartlett, Rama Kandasamy, Louisa Owens and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The clinical respiratory journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Angelica Wei Wen HiiDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0265-3206
Jahidur Rahman KhanDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Kishor Kumar PaulSchool of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-3571
Mei ChanDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Nan HuDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Brendan McMullanDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Philip N BrittonSydney Medical School and Sydney Infectious Diseases, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2993-6000
Adam W BartlettDepartment of Respiratory Medicine, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7532-9316
Rama KandasamyNational Centre for Immunization Research and Surveillance, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia.
Louisa OwensDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Bernadette PrenticeDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-1009
Adam JaffeDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1963-5415
Nusrat HomairaDiscipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3341-7964

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfluenza is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations, with clinical presentations and outcomes varying between types A and B. This study compared the clinical characteristics and complications of children hospitalized with influenza A and B at the Sydney Children's Hospitals Network (SCHN) in the post-COVID era.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of children < 18 years admitted to SCHN with influenza during 2022-2023. Data on patient demographics, clinical presentations, complications, and management were extracted from electronic medical records. Group comparisons used chi-square or Fisher's exact tests, and modified Poisson regression estimated adjusted risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for key clinical outcomes.

resultsAmong 704 influenza hospitalizations, 480 (68.2%) were due to influenza A and 224 (31.8%) to influenza B. Influenza B hospitalizations were more frequent in older children aged 5-< 18 years (67.4% vs. 57.7%) and associated with myalgia and pharyngitis, whereas influenza A hospitalizations were more common in children < 5 years (42.3% vs. 32.6%) and linked to cough, wheeze, and seizures. Although less common, influenza B hospitalizations exhibited greater clinical severity, with higher risks of noninvasive respiratory support (RR = 2.94; 95% CI 1.49-5.81) and intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or mechanical ventilation (RR = 3.23; 95% CI 1.43-7.32).

conclusionsInfluenza B, though less prevalent, was associated with greater severity, particularly in older children. These findings underscore the importance of continued protection against both influenza types and support consideration of expanding vaccine access to children aged 5 years and older.

Indexed as

COVID-19HospitalizationInfluenza A virusInfluenza B virusInfluenza, HumanAdolescentAustraliaChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2childrenhospitalizationinfluenzain‐hospital complicationspost‐COVID‐19

Identifiers

PMID42489249
PMCPMC13393287

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.