Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42490451›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Single-cell chromatin state transitions during epigenetic memory formation.

Taihei Fujimori, Abby R Thurm, Simon Gaudin, Carolina Rios-Martinez, Benjamin R Doughty, Michaela M Hinks, Joydeb Sinha, Derek Le, Antonina Hafner, William J Greenleaf and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Image-based 3D genomics through chromatin tracing.Nature reviews. Methods primers · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Taihei FujimoriDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3010-3046
Abby R ThurmBiophysics Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1819-3192
Simon GaudinDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4276-1759
Carolina Rios-MartinezDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6927-2256
Benjamin R DoughtyDepartment of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0447-4468
Michaela M HinksDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-7918-3544
Joydeb SinhaDepartment of Chemical & Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9124-8199
Derek LeDepartment of Dermatology, Program in Epithelial Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0031-4133
Antonina HafnerDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4927-5227
William J GreenleafChan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1409-3095
Alistair N BoettigerDepartment of Developmental Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3554-5196
Lacramioara BintuDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5443-6633

Funding

Medical Scientist Training ProgramT32GM145402 · NIGMS · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Katrin F. Chua · 2022 to 2026
$10.0M
Combinatorial Cell State EngineeringDP1HG013599 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI William James Greenleaf · 2023 to 2026
$5.4M
Live-cell multiplex super-resolution imaging of chromatin state transitionsU01DK127419 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BINTU, LACRAMIOARA, BOETTIGER, ALISTAIR N. · 2020 to 2024
$5.3M
Defining and perturbing gene regulatory dynamics in the developing human heart to understand mechanisms of congenital heart defectsR01HL171611 · NHLBI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI William James Greenleaf · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
Fast, powerful, scalable, usable, and distributable methods for multi-modal single cell analysesR01HG013317 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI William James Greenleaf · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
High-Throughput Measurements of RNA-Mediated Regulation of Gene Expression and OncogenesisF30CA287739 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Abby Thurm · 2024 to 2026
$136k
NCI NIH HHS F30 CA287739NHGRI NIH HHS DP1 HG013599NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG013317NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL171611NIDDK NIH HHS U01 DK127419NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM145402
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Repressive chromatin modifications compact chromatin and mediate heritable gene silencing, but how structural changes quantitatively relate to epigenetic memory remains unclear. Using targeted recruitment of the KRAB repressor to induce H3K9me3 at a reporter gene, combined with single-molecule 3D chromatin imaging, we show that irreversible silencing is associated with large-scale chromatin compaction across tens of kilobases. In contrast, histone deacetylation produces reversible silencing without such compaction. Despite substantial single-cell heterogeneity, average compaction at the end of silencing quantitatively predicts epigenetic memory weeks after KRAB removal. Here, memory arises not through stable H3K9me3 domains but rather through a dynamic handoff in which H3K9me3 is gradually lost and replaced by DNA methylation. Stochastic simulations recapitulating these dynamics suggest that compaction enhances read-write feedback to promote this transition. Similar compaction is observed at endogenous loci during differentiation and fate commitment, suggesting that spatial organization may be predictive of epigenetic memory in other systems.

Indexed as

ChromatinEpigenesis, GeneticSingle-Cell AnalysisAnimalsChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyDNA MethylationEpigenetic MemoryGene SilencingHistonesMiceChromatinHistones

Identifiers

PMID42490451
PMCPMC13394403

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.