ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2026
Mechanisms of arousal promotion and cortical plasticity induced by multi-target transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness.
Article in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo evaluate the arousal-promoting effect of multi-target transcranial magnetic stimulation (MT-TMS) in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) and the mechanisms underlying cortical plasticity.
methodsEighty-six patients with chronic DOC treated at our institution from January 2024 to December 2025 were retrospectively identified. According to the stimulation approach, they were assigned to a multi-target stimulation group (MTG, n=43, combined stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [L-DLPFC] and the right primary motor cortex [R-M1]) and a single-target stimulation group (STG, n=43, stimulation of only the L-DLPFC). The two groups were compared for levels of consciousness before and after treatment, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, cortical excitability, brain functional connectivity, neuroelectrophysiological indicators, and incidence of adverse reactions.
resultsAfter 4 weeks of treatment, the MTG showed markedly higher CRS-R total score than the STG (P<0.05). The MTG exhibited markedly increased EEG α power and α/δ ratio than the STG (P<0.05). The MTG had markedly greater MEP amplitude and longer CSP duration than the STG (P<0.05). The frontal-parietal functional connectivity strength was stronger in the MTG (P<0.05). The MTG had markedly higher consciousness recovery rate than the STG (37.21% vs. 16.28%) (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions did not differ markedly between the two groups (P>0.05).
conclusionsMT-TMS improves consciousness levels, regulates EEG activity, enhances cortical excitability and inhibitory regulation, and facilitates frontal-parietal functional connectivity in patients with chronic DOC.
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