ArticleSleep medicine: X2026
Periodic limb movements of sleep: A comparison of REM and NREM.
Article in Sleep medicine: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: It is known that periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) impact various sleep parameters. Utilizing polysomnographic (PSG) data from a large set of retrospective records, we aimed to identify and describe differences in sleep efficiency comparing PLMS occurring in both rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and non-REM (NREM) sleep with PLMS occurring only in NREM sleep. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of consecutive full-night PSGs performed on adults (≥18) presenting for the clinical evaluation of insomnia, snoring, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), PLMS, rapid eye movement (REM) behavior disorder (RBD), and other sleep disorders, at one institution, over a period of three years. The database of records was queried and the records were assembled into one of three groups: 1. Controls (those without notated sleep disorder diagnoses), 2. PLMS in NREM (those with PLMS found only in NREM sleep), and 3. PLMS in REM/NREM (those with PLMS found in both REM and NREM sleep). The PSG parameters of each group were then compiled and statistically evaluated. Results: A total of 4110 records were examined; 1635 were labeled as Controls, 1012 as PLMS in NREM, and 528 as PLMS in REM/NREM. Compared to PLMS in REM/NREM (76.1 ± 16.0%) and Controls (79.5 ± 17.3%), there was a significant reduction in sleep efficiency in PLMS in NREM (70.1 ± 19.5%) ( Conclusions: It seems that the PLMS in which occur in NREM sleep may play a role in reducing sleep efficiency, perhaps through elevated PLM arousals, as compared to PLMS that occur in both REM and NREM sleep. Future research should consider these factors and explore longitudinal outcomes to understand better the long-term impact of PLMS.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.