Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42493531›Full record

ReviewCancer gene therapy2026

Glypican-3-targeted therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: biological insights and therapeutic strategies.

Na Li, Shurong Li, Peng Cao, Mengfan Tang, Junfeng Zhang, Wei Zhang, Jinfeng Liu, Chunping Ye, Dan Wu, Xixi Li and 2 more

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cancer gene therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Na Li *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Shurong Li *Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Peng CaoSchool of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Mengfan TangDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Junfeng ZhangDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Wei ZhangDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1928-5758
Jinfeng LiuDepartment of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6719-3461
Chunping YeDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Dan WuDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Women and Children's Healthcare Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Xixi LiDepartment of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
Li DaiDepartment of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Medical College, Yancheng, China. daili@jsmc.edu.cn.
Xianglin ZuoBiobank of Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China. zuoxianglin@njmu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-7447-7877

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82103169National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 82200677
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glypican-3 (GPC3) is an oncofetal cell surface proteoglycan that is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and largely absent from normal adult tissues, making it an attractive target for gene and cell therapies. A broad range of GPC3-directed strategies has been explored, including antibody-based agents, bispecific engagers, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) and T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered immune cells, vaccine platforms, and emerging radiopharmaceutical approaches. However, durable clinical responses have remained limited. Here, we synthesize biological and translational evidence to examine factors that may constrain the clinical efficacy of GPC3-targeted therapies, including antigen-related features, tumor microenvironment-associated barriers, and platform-specific challenges. Finally, we discuss emerging therapeutic modalities and outline design principles for the rational optimization of next-generation GPC3-directed strategies.

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.