Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42493696›Full record

ArticleJournal of community genetics2026

Non-genetic physicians' self-assessment of knowledge and confidence toward genetic testing and counseling: a national survey in a high consanguineous population.

Abeer F Zakariyah, Alaa Edrees, Mahmoud Almutadares, Muhammad A Khan, Samar M Altoukhi, Moath Shawosh

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of community genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Abeer F ZakariyahDepartment of Basic Medical Science, Division of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. afzakariyah@uj.edu.sa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2798-3927
Alaa EdreesKing Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, P.O. Box 40047, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-2024-0386
Mahmoud AlmutadaresDepartment of Genetic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80205, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1312-6409
Muhammad A KhanDepartment of Medical Education, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6379-590X
Samar M AltoukhiCollege of Medicine, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 23218, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0000-7567-3953
Moath ShawoshCollege of Medicine, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 23218, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-4376-5743

Funding

University of Jeddah UJ-23-FR-71
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic testing is increasingly used in clinical practice. This places new demands on non-genetic physicians (NGPs) to select appropriate tests, interpret complex results, and counsel patients about implications. In highly consanguineous countries such as Saudi Arabia, where the burden of hereditary diseases is high, these demands require a genomic-ready workforce. This study aimed to assess NGPs' self-perceived knowledge and confidence regarding genetic testing and counseling, and to examine their association with demographic and professional characteristics. An online questionnaire was distributed and completed by 582 NGPs from all regions in Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire collected demographic data, self-assessments of knowledge and confidence, referral frequency to a genetic counselor or clinical geneticist, and resources used to obtain genetic information. The self-assessment of NGPs' knowledge and confidence revealed a deficit. Results indicated moderate genetic knowledge among the NGPs, with a median of 4 (interquartile range 1-8) out of 16, and low confidence levels, with a median of 2 (interquartile range 0-4) out of 8. Consultants exhibited significantly higher knowledge and confidence compared with other ranks (p < 0.001). A strong positive correlation was observed between knowledge and confidence levels (Spearman's rho = 0.796, p < 0.01). Over half of the NGPs (54.3%) referred patients to genetic counselors or geneticists, and more than 50% relied on general clinical resources (UpToDate and search engines), whereas fewer than 50% reported using Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) or GeneReviews. This study reports low self-perceived genetic knowledge and confidence among NGPs in Saudi Arabia, despite frequent exposure to patients with genetic conditions. Strengthening genetic education throughout medical and residency training and integrating clinical decision support into mainstream models are critical to building a genomics-ready workforce aligned with Saudi Vision 2030.

Indexed as

ConfidenceGenetic counselingGenetic testingKnowledgeNational surveyNon-genetic physiciansSaudi ArabiaSelf-assessment

Identifiers

PMID42493696
PMCPMC13396104

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.