Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42493735›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie2026

Environmental sustainability evidence in critical care medicine: a scoping review.

Marko Balan, Thomas Bodley, Kiyan Heybati, Jiawen Deng, Melany Gaetani, Christina Maratta, Michelle Swab, Karen E A Burns, Srinivas Murthy

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Marko BalanDepartment of Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada. marko.balan@dal.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7499-885X
Thomas BodleyScarborough Health Network, Scarborough, ON, Canada.
Kiyan HeybatiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Jiawen DengTemerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Melany GaetaniDepartment of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Christina MarattaDivision of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, McGill University Health Centre's Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Michelle SwabHealth Sciences Library, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada.
Karen E A BurnsInterdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Srinivas MurthyFaculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWe sought to conduct a scoping review to summarize the existing literature on environmental sustainability in critical care medicine, methods for measuring intensive care unit (ICU)-related environmental impact, and interventions to improve ICU environmental sustainability. SOURCE: We conducted a systematic search of four databases to identify studies published before October 2024 pertaining to environmental sustainability and assessment of the carbon footprint of ICUs and manually screened selected journals. PRINCIPLE

findingsThe combined search strategy identified 1,967 potentially eligible articles. We conducted a full-text review of 149 articles, of which 99 met eligibility criteria. Articles were categorized into five domains: waste management (n = 31), carbon footprint (n = 20), sustainable medication practices (n = 9), energy delivery/consumption (n = 4), and other (n = 39), with four studies classified into two themes owing to overlap in content. Daily material waste in the ICU ranged from 4.9 to 15.2 kg per patient per day. Most studies reported poor waste sorting practices, and several studies reported reductions in waste generation with multicomponent interventions. Three carbon-footprint-themed studies calculated the carbon footprint of ICUs either through life-cycle assessments or material flow analysis. Eleven studies quantified carbon emission reductions using either prospective or theoretical stewardship interventions related to equipment, medications, or ICU care processes.

conclusionsIn this scoping review, we found a rapidly expanding yet fragmented body of evidence on ICU environmental sustainability. Important gaps exist in evidence to guide clinicians on practical bedside strategies and understanding how to implement them to drive meaningful, sustainable change.

Indexed as

Critical CareIntensive Care UnitsCarbon FootprintEnvironmentHumansWaste Managementcarbon footprintcritical care medicineenvironmental impactenvironmental sustainabilityintensive carescoping review

Identifiers

PMID42493735
PMCPMC13433403

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.