Evidence mapPaperPMID 42494396Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2026

Mitochondrial protein alterations in vascular dementia: evidence from Mendelian randomization, transcriptomics, and a chronic hypoperfusion model.

Qian Liu, Huizhong Tan, Keke Tong, Ruhai Luo, Hanquan Li, Feng Qiu, Shiliang Wang, Le Xie, Xiuli Zhang, Dahua Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Qian LiuGraduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Huizhong TanDepartment of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Keke TongGraduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Ruhai LuoGraduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Hanquan LiGraduate School of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Feng QiuInstitute of Innovation and Applied Research, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Shiliang WangDepartment of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Le XieDepartment of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Xiuli ZhangInstitute of Innovation and Applied Research, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Dahua WuDepartment of Neurology, Hunan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key pathological feature of vascular dementia (VaD), yet the specific systemic and localized proteins involved remain unclear. We aim to utilize Mendelian randomization (MR) of plasma proteomics and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets to identify systemic circulating biomarkers associated with VaD risk, and subsequently use Methods: We first identified candidate proteins associated with VaD risk through a two-sample MR analysis of plasma proteomics and GWAS data. Candidate genes were then assessed for differential expression using the GEO dataset GSE122063. Finally, the proteins were validated in a Bilateral Common Carotid Artery Occlusion (2-VO) rat model by evaluating pathological features and measuring its expression levels via Western Blot. Results: Mendelian randomization analysis identified four proteins nominally linked to VaD: protective factors (AIFM1, COX5B) and risk factors (NDUFV2, NUDT5). However, cross-referencing these genetic predictions with GEO transcriptomics (GSE122063) and a 2-VO rat model revealed distinct tiers of evidentiary support. COX5B emerged as the most robust targets, demonstrating unidirectional consistency across all three analytical layers. NUDT5 showed partial consistency, supported by genetic and animal data, though its transcriptomic alteration fell short of the threshold. Conversely, AIFM1 and NDUFV2 displayed clear directional contradictions between the genetic/transcriptomic data and actual Conclusion: Rather than universally validating all four genetic candidates, this rigorous multi-layer triangulation specifically pinpoints the dysregulation of COX5B as high-confidence, consistent drivers of mitochondrial impairment in VaD. Acknowledging the inconsistent complexities of AIFM1, NDUFV2, and NUDT5. Therapeutic strategies targeting the cleanly triangulated protein offer a more reliable, disease-modifying approach for VaD intervention.

Indexed as

analysisbioinformaticsGene Expression OmnibusMendelian randomizationmitochondrial dysfunctionvascular dementia

Identifiers

PMID42494396
PMCPMC13391407

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.