Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42495156›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of pharmaceutics: X2026

Microemulsion-embedded hyaluronic acid microneedles improve local triptolide delivery and anti-arthritic efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis.

Le Chang, Jin Zeng, Libo Zhang, Hao Cheng, Bianbian Wang, Jialian Yu, Fang Chen, Deyu Kong, Jianhua Wang, Xiaofan Jiang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of pharmaceutics: X, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Le ChangBioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Jin ZengDepartment of Anorectal Surgery, Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 710021, China.
Libo ZhangThe First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
Hao ChengThe First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
Bianbian WangThe First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
Jialian YuThe First Clinical Medical College, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China.
Fang ChenBioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Deyu KongDepartment of Scientific Research Translation and Management, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China.
Jianhua WangSecond Department of General Surgery, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China.
Xiaofan JiangDepartment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an 710068, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by persistent synovial inflammation and progressive cartilage and bone destruction. Triptolide (TP) exhibits potent anti-inflammatory activity, but its therapeutic application is limited by poor aqueous solubility and a narrow therapeutic window. To address these limitations, we developed dissolving hyaluronic acid (HA) microneedles (MNs) incorporating a TP-loaded microemulsion (mean diameter: 27.6 ± 4.4 nm) for local transdermal delivery. The TP-loaded microneedles (TP MNs) showed a uniform pyramidal morphology (height of ∼500 μm) and adequate mechanical strength (fracture force: 0.098 ± 0.010 N per needle), supporting skin insertion with microchannel depths of approximately 450 μm.

Indexed as

Hyaluronic acid microneedlesMicroemulsionRheumatoid arthritisTransdermal drug deliveryTriptolide

Identifiers

PMID42495156
PMCPMC13393403

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.