ArticleCalcified tissue international2026
Gestational Protein Restriction Promotes Osteoporotic Phenotype During Aging.
Article in Calcified tissue international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Osteoporosis results from impaired bone remodeling and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, ultimately increasing fracture risk. Although early-life nutritional stress has been implicated in long-term health outcomes, its impact on skeletal remodeling mechanisms remains unclear. We investigated whether gestational protein restriction induces persistent alterations in the skeletal immune microenvironment that contribute to age-related bone fragility. Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were fed either a normal-protein or low-protein (LP) diet during gestation. Male offspring were evaluated at 12 and 18 months of age. Microcomputed tomography revealed significant reductions in trabecular bone volume fraction, bone mineral density, and trabecular number in 18-month-old LP offspring, along with reduced cortical thickness at both ages. Three-point bending tests demonstrated reduced maximal load in LP-18 M femora, indicating compromised mechanical strength. Ultrastructural analyses revealed increased cortical porosity and disrupted collagen fiber organization in aged LP bone. RNA sequencing identified differentially expressed genes enriched in pathways related to macrophage recruitment, complement signaling, and osteoclast differentiation. RT-qPCR confirmed increased expression of C5ar1, Ccl3, Ccr2, Lilrb4a, and Trem2. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated increased CD68
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