Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42497120›Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

Comparison of AID users and non-users regarding glycemic control and diabetes distress: A mixed-methods study.

Alexander Hadj-Abo, Burkhard Gusy, Monika Fleischhauer

Abstract readComparative Study
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Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Alexander Hadj-AboDivision of Prevention and Psychosocial Health Research, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5258-7320
Burkhard GusyDivision of Prevention and Psychosocial Health Research, Department of Education and Psychology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Monika FleischhauerDepartment of Psychology, MSB Medical School Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8017-8088

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimThis study compared glycemic control and diabetes distress in individuals with type 1 diabetes using automated insulin delivery (AID) systems versus those not using such systems, addressing a gap in research on psychosocial outcomes of diabetes technologies.

methodsA sequential mixed-methods design was employed to examine differences between AID users and non-users. A total of 169 individuals with type 1 diabetes completed an online survey assessing HbA1c, total diabetes distress, and its subscales. Quantitative results were complemented by 12 follow-up interviews to provide contextual depth.

resultsThe AID group (n = 80) showed significantly lower levels in HbA1c, total diabetes distress, and all subdimensions compared to the non-AID group (n = 89), which showed high CGM use (~94%). The largest effects emerged for Management Distress and Powerlessness. Interview data suggested that AID systems reduce the cognitive and emotional burden of diabetes self-management, which may explain these differences. Contrary to expectations, group differences in Hypoglycemia Distress and Negative Social Perception were smaller. This may be explained by the widespread use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems in the non-AID group, as participants from both groups reported CGM use to be helpful in reducing hypoglycemic events.

conclusionsAID systems are associated with both, improved glycemic outcomes and enhanced psychosocial well-being. These findings underscore the multifaceted benefits of AID systems and highlight the importance of incorporating psychosocial dimensions into the evaluation of diabetes technologies. The mixed-methods approach proved valuable in capturing both quantitative and experiential aspects, providing a more nuanced understanding of patient experiences.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1Glycemic ControlInsulinInsulin Infusion SystemsStress, PsychologicalAdultBlood GlucoseBlood Glucose Self-MonitoringContinuous Glucose MonitoringFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedSurveys and QuestionnairesBlood GlucoseGlycated HemoglobinInsulin

Identifiers

PMID42497120
PMCPMC13399347

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.