Trial reportJournal for immunotherapy of cancer2026
Durable responses to triplet immunotherapy targeting TGF-β, PD-L1, and tumor antigen, with an IL-15 receptor superagonist in mismatch repair proficient castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Trial report in Journal for immunotherapy of cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03493945 (A Phase I/II Study of Immunotherapy Combination BN-Brachyury Vaccine, M7824, N-803 and Epacadostat), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase I/II Study of Immunotherapy Combination BN-Brachyury Vaccine, M7824, N-803 and Epacadostat (QuEST1)
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint blockade is minimally active in unselected castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and does not reproducibly yield durable decreases in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.
methodsThe Quick Efficacy Seeking Trial was designed to employ a combination of agents to initiate an immune response (with BN-Brachyury vaccine), potentiate that response (with nogapendekin-alfa inbakicept (NAI), an interleukin (IL)-15 receptor superagonist), and reduce or eliminate immunosuppressive entities in the tumor microenvironment (with bintrafusp alfa, a dual inhibitor of programmed death-ligand 1 and transforming growth factor beta). Epacadostat (an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor) was also employed in one cohort to reduce immune suppression induced by IDO's conversion of tryptophan to kynurenine.
resultsPatients with CRPC enrolled sequentially to receive vaccine + bintrafusp alfa (Arm 2.1), vaccine + bintrafusp alfa + NAI (Arm 2.2), and vaccine + bintrafusp alfa + NAI + epacadostat (Arm 2.3), with the primary objective to determine response rate. Adverse events in Arms 2.1 and 2.2 were manageable and consistent with the safety profiles of each agent individually, and notable for five individuals developing isolated adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. Arm 2.3 was closed early due to skin toxicity. Sustained declines in PSA were seen in 1/13 (8%) patients in Arm 2.1, 7/24 (29%) patients in Arm 2.2, including six with proficient mismatch repair/microsatellite stable tumors, and 0/6 (0%) patients in Arm 2.3.
conclusionsAnalyses of peripheral immune profiles provided evidence of a multifaceted antitumor immune response, including IL-15 receptor superagonist NAI-dependent expansion and activation of natural killer cells and CD8 TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03493945.
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