Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42500576›Full record

ReviewOncology research2026

Crosstalk between Extracellular Vesicles and the Tumor Microenvironment: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Opportunities.

Yaqi Xu, Jia Zhao, Xiaowen Mao

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Oncology research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yaqi XuState Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
Jia ZhaoSchool of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Xiaowen MaoState Key Laboratory of Mechanism and Quality of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are actively secreted, membrane-enclosed nanoparticles that serve as pivotal mediators of intercellular communication. They function as key mediators of intercellular communication by transporting diverse biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, and metabolites. Within the tumor microenvironment, EVs drive complex cellular crosstalk and critically regulate tumor progression by remodeling the extracellular matrix, conferring drug resistance, and reprogramming immune responses. Given their natural biocompatibility, tissue tropism, and ability to cross biological barriers, EVs have emerged as promising platforms for immunotherapy, tumor vaccines and targeted drug delivery system. Moreover, the rapid expansion of EV-based clinical trials highlights their promise in precision medicine. Concurrently, the limitations associated with EV-based therapeutic strategies are critically evaluated to inform future development. This review has also detailed the importance of single-vesicle analysis, which represents a rapidly evolving frontier in EV science. Aiming to bridge the gap between mechanistic understanding and clinical practice, this review delineates the pivotal roles of EV-mediated communication in reshaping the dynamic homeostasis of the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, we provide a critical analysis of current EV-based therapeutic pipelines and their translational challenges, offering key perspectives and theoretical support for the future of precision medicine.

Indexed as

Cell CommunicationExtracellular VesiclesNeoplasmsTumor MicroenvironmentAnimalsCancer VaccinesHumansImmunotherapyCancer VaccinesExtracellular vesiclesimmunotherapyintercellular crosstalktumor microenvironmenttumor vaccine

Identifiers

PMID42500576
PMCPMC13397376

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.