Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42501324›Full record

ArticleAnnals of medicine2026

Steatotic liver disease subtypes and risk of hospitalization for sepsis: a nationwide cohort study.

Hye Seong, Se Yun Kim, Eun Hwa Lee, Dayeong Kim, Kyung Do Han, Sang Hoon Han

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Hye SeongDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-5633-7214
Se Yun KimDepartment of Digital Health, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0006-5601-8279
Eun Hwa LeeDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-1182-1977
Dayeong KimDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0009-0009-7059-6739
Kyung Do HanDepartment of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-6096-1263
Sang Hoon HanDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.ORCID 0000-0002-4278-5198

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe recent reclassification of steatotic liver disease (SLD) into metabolic dysfunction-associated SLD (MASLD), MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD), and alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) provides a clinically relevant framework for distinguishing heterogeneous etiologic subtypes. However, whether these newly defined SLD subtypes differ in their susceptibility to sepsis remains unclear. We assessed the incidence and risk of hospitalization for sepsis across the SLD spectrum in a nationwide cohort.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, including 4,389,734 adults who underwent health screening in 2012. SLD was defined as a fatty liver index (FLI) ≥30 and subtyped as MASLD, MetALD, or ALD based on cardiometabolic risk profiles and alcohol intake; FLI <30 defined the non-SLD reference group. Sepsis was identified using hospitalization claims and ICD-10 codes from 2013 to 2022. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, with subgroup and sensitivity analyses.

resultsThe cohort comprised MASLD (

conclusionsAll SLD subtypes were associated with increased but distinct risks of hospitalization for sepsis, with ALD conferring the highest risk. These findings support subtype-specific risk stratification and may inform infection-prevention strategies and clinical surveillance in individuals with SLD.

Indexed as

Fatty LiverHospitalizationSepsisAdultAgedAlcohol DrinkingCohort StudiesFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRepublic of KoreaRetrospective StudiesRisk Factorsalcohol-related liver diseasemetabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related liver diseasemetabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseasenationwide cohortsepsisSteatotic liver disease

Identifiers

PMID42501324
PMCPMC13403459

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.