Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42502209›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Exercise Snacks Are Feasible to Perform in the Real World and Improve Physical Capacity for Adults Living With Non-Insulin Treated Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomised Trial.

Fiona J Babir, Alexis Marcotte-Chénard, Roderick E Sandilands, Kaja Falkenhain, Noah Mulkewich, Hashim Islam, Seth F McCarthy, Douglas L Richards, Kenneth Madden, Joel Singer and 4 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06407245 (Efficacy of Exercise Snacks in Real-World Settings in Individuals Living With Type 2 Diabetes), which is not on this map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06407245 naunknown statusnot on this map

Efficacy of Exercise Snacks in Real-World Settings in Individuals Living With Type 2 Diabetes

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of British ColumbiaRan2024 to 2025Enrolled80ConditionsType 2 DiabetesArmsExercise Snacks, Placebo Exercise
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Fiona J BabirDepartment of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0009-0006-9899-0824
Alexis Marcotte-ChénardSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7594-5330
Roderick E SandilandsSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0009-0002-0508-0786
Kaja FalkenhainPennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3240-964X
Noah MulkewichDepartment of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Hashim IslamSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7145-0522
Seth F McCarthySchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0009-0005-7756-3199
Douglas L RichardsDepartment of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Kenneth MaddenDepartment of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4367-557X
Joel SingerSchool of Population and Public Health, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4936-4086
Michael C RiddellSchool of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-6556-7559
Mary E JungSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2360-0952
Martin J GibalaDepartment of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5287-0014
Jonathan P LittleSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, The University of British Columbia - Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-9796-2008

Funding

Diabetes Canada OG-3-22-5623-JL
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo investigate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week remotely-delivered exercise snacks (ES) intervention in adults with type 2 diabetes. MATERIAL AND

methodsInsufficiently active adults with type 2 diabetes (N = 69; 46 females; mean age ± SD: 58 ± 11 years) were randomised to an ES or mobility/stretching comparator group (CON), which involved 4 × 1-min bouts of either vigorous or low intensity exercise, respectively, on ≥ 5 days/week. The primary outcome was feasibility based on adherence. Secondary outcomes included exercise enjoyment (1-7 scale), rating of perceived exertion (RPE; 0-10 scale), heart rate (HR), haemoglobin A

resultsWeekly adherence (estimated marginal mean [95% confidence interval]: 18 bouts [16-21] for both groups; p = 0.99) and total enjoyment (ES: 4.5 [4.1-4.8] vs. CON: 4.3 [4.0-4.7]; p = 0.64) were high and not different between groups. Despite higher RPE (5.7 [5.4-6.1]) and peak HR (73 [70-77] % of age-predicted HR maximum) in ES versus CON (2.0 [1.7-2.4] and 61 [58-64] % of age-predicted HR maximum, respectively) (all p < 0.001), there were no between-group differences in the change in any secondary outcome (all p > 0.05) except for greater sit-to-stand capacity in ES after training (between-group effect estimate [95% confidence interval]: 1.9 repetitions [0.3-3.4]; p = 0.02).

conclusionsExercise snacks were feasible to perform in the real world and improved sit-to-stand capacity to a greater extent than CON in adults living with type 2 diabetes.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06407245.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2ExerciseExercise TherapyAgedFeasibility StudiesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHand StrengthHeart RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedOxygen ConsumptionPatient ComplianceTreatment OutcomeGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanclinical trialexercise interventionrandomised trialreal‐world evidencetype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID42502209
PMCPMC13538725

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.