Evidence mapPaperPMID 42502427Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, & immunity - health2026

A targeted metabolic intervention via exercise applied after vaccination shapes kinetics and durability of serum antibody accompanied by a distinct immunometabolic signature: pilot study.

Siddhant Kothadiya, Kaitlyn G Holden, Gabriel P Cutshaw, Tyanez C Jones, Catarina Bittencourt de Almeida, Zoe Sirotiak, Jacob D Meyer, Rizia Bardhan, Marian L Kohut

Abstract read
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Article in Brain, behavior, & immunity - health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Siddhant KothadiyaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Kaitlyn G HoldenNanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Gabriel P CutshawDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Tyanez C JonesDepartment of Teacher Education, Kinesiology and Educational Studies, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Catarina Bittencourt de AlmeidaNanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Zoe SirotiakNanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Jacob D MeyerDepartment of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
Rizia BardhanDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.
Marian L KohutNanovaccine Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vaccination under deliberately varied metabolic conditions provides a framework to identify metabolic determinants of immune response to vaccine and to identify metabolic pathways that may serve as immunomodulators or future adjuvant targets. Suboptimal vaccine immunogenicity and waning antibody durability remain significant public health challenges requiring effective interventions. To examine the association between vaccine immunogenicity and altered metabolic microenvironments, we applied a short-term metabolic intervention coinciding with SARS-CoV-2 immunization. In this randomized trial, half of the participants completed a metabolically targeted 90-min exercise bout immediately post-immunization, a stimulus known to induce sustained shifts in systemic metabolic changes for up to 24 h. Participants in the control group did not exercise after vaccination. Serum anti-RBD IgG antibody and a putative biomarker of germinal center activity (CXCL13) were assessed as measures of immunogenicity in longitudinally collected samples, and metabolic profile was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. Associations between age, BMI, psychosocial stress and immune response and metabolic profiles were determined. The exercise-metabolic treatment enhanced antibody durability and shifted the kinetics of CXCL13 and serum antibody response in participants without pre-existing immunity. Specific immuno-metabolic signatures distinguished exercise-metabolic treatment from control, identified participants with pre-existing immunity, and revealed effects of age. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a readily accessible short-term metabolic intervention applied at vaccination in shaping in vivo adaptive immunity and provides critical insights into metabolic predictors of immunogenicity. These findings can be used to interrogate further host factor-related metabolic predictors of vaccine response (i.e., age, BMI, stress) and develop innovative vaccine platforms that influence the metabolic microenvironment.

Identifiers

PMID42502427
PMCPMC13400200

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.