Evidence mapPaperPMID 42507113Full record

ArticleJournal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology2026

Seasonal fluctuations in the hypothalamic irisin and its correlation with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal -axis activity in male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Muhammad Saqib, Amel Aftab, Ghulam Nabi, Muhammad Noman Khan, Hira Zubair, Fazal Wahab, Maha Abdullah Alwaili, Nawal Al-Hoshani, Muhammad Shahab

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Article in Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Muhammad SaqibPakistan Neuroendocrine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
Amel AftabPakistan Neuroendocrine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
Ghulam NabiDepartment of Zoology, The University of Swat, Swat, 19200, Pakistan. ghulamnabiqau@gmail.com.
Muhammad Noman KhanBrain-to-Gonad Axis Laboratory, Reproduction, Maternal and Child Health (RSME) Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Hira ZubairPakistan Neuroendocrine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
Fazal WahabDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Pak Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Haripur, Pakistan.
Maha Abdullah AlwailiDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Nawal Al-HoshaniDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad ShahabPakistan Neuroendocrine Group, Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan. shahab@qau.edu.pk.

Funding

Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project PNURSP2026R227
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Regulatory mechanisms underlying seasonal fluctuations in the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG)-axis are poorly understood. Since 2016, following the publication of a medical hypothesis highlighting irisin's involvement in reproductive function, extensive research on this aspect has been conducted; however, studies on seasonal variation remain limited. The purpose of this study was to examine seasonal variations in hypothalamic irisin/FNDC5 expression relative to the seasonally fluctuating HPG-axis activity in male rhesus monkeys. Hypothalamic tissues for immunocytochemistry (ICC), RT-qPCR, and testicular tissues for H&E staining were used. The experimental model was validated by assessing mean testicular volume, seminiferous epithelial height, seminiferous tubular diameter, and plasma testosterone, which were significantly higher in reproductively active than in reproductively inactive male monkeys. The present study revealed that reproductively active monkeys exhibited significantly higher mean numbers of hypothalamic irisin-like immunoreactive cell bodies and elevated FNDC5 mRNA expression levels compared with reproductively inactive monkeys. This showed a positive correlation with testicular volume, seminiferous tubular diameter/epithelial height, and plasma testosterone levels. The current study suggests the possibility that irisin may be a novel positive regulator of HPG-axis activity during the breeding season in male rhesus monkeys.

Indexed as

FNDC5HPG-axisIrisinRhesus MonkeySeasonal reproduction

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.