Evidence mapPaperPMID 42508971Full record

SynthesisRenal failure2026

Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its effects on the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review.

Ioannis Sykaras, Maria Kantilafti, Stavri Chrysostomou

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Renal failure, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ioannis SykarasDepartment of Life Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0009-0002-5103-3657
Maria KantilaftiDepartment of Life Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0009-0007-3151-576X
Stavri ChrysostomouDepartment of Life Sciences, European University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0002-5296-8721

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), contributing to chronic kidney disease, and end-stage renal failure. More than 247,000 individuals develop renal failure due to DM. Mediterranean diet (MD) associated with cardiometabolic benefits and potential renal protective effects, however, its relationship on the onset and progression of DN remains unclear.

objectiveTo examine the association between adherence to the MD and the onset and progression of DN.

methodsThis systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search was performed in PUBMED, EBSCO host and SCOPUS databases. Studies including adults with hyperglycemia, DM, or DN, regardless of comorbidities, examining adherence to the MD and renal outcomes. Methodological integrity was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and Jadad Scale. Due to heterogeneity across studies, results were synthesized narratively.

resultsSix studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies demonstrated that higher adherence to the MD was associated with a lower risk or odds of DN, particularly among individuals with DM. Reported associations ranged from 21% to 86%, depending on adherence level and study design. Two studies found no statistically significant associations ( LIMITATIONS: The small number of studies, their predominantly observational design, and geographic concentration limit the generalizability and preclude causal inference.

conclusionHigher adherence to the MD appears to be associated with a lower risk of DN; however, current evidence remains limited and insufficient to draw conclusions regarding causality or disease progression. Further high-quality studies are required.

Indexed as

Diabetic NephropathiesDiet, MediterraneanKidney Failure, ChronicDisease ProgressionHumansdiabetesdiabetic nephropathyeGFRMediterranean dietmicrovascular complicationsproteinuria

Identifiers

PMID42508971
PMCPMC13410535

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.