Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42510862›Full record

ReviewGenes2026

Spatial Omics Technologies in Glioblastoma Research: Principles, Applications, and Best Practices.

Maxime Vanmechelen, Chiara Caprioli, Paul M Clement, Ann Hoeben, Frederik De Smet

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Maxime VanmechelenLaboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-8342-3150
Chiara CaprioliLaboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Paul M ClementLeuven Cancer Institute (LKI), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-7600-0806
Ann HoebenDepartment of Medical Oncology, GROW-Research Institute for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6229 Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0155-3005
Frederik De SmetLaboratory for Precision Cancer Medicine, Translational Cell and Tissue Research Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-6669-3335

Funding

Horizon Europe 101073386Research Foundation - Flanders 11L0822N
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesGlioblastoma (GBM) remains the most aggressive primary brain tumor in adults, characterized by inevitable recurrence, extensive inter-and intratumoral heterogeneity, and resistance to current therapies. A defining feature of GBM is the dynamic interplay between malignant cells and a diverse tumor microenvironment (TME), which together drive disease progression, therapeutic adaptation, and relapse. Understanding these complex cellular ecosystems has therefore become a major focus of glioblastoma research. Recent advances in spatial omics technologies have transformed our ability to investigate GBM biology directly within intact tissue architectures. Over the past five years, an expanding array of spatial transcriptomic, proteomic, and multi-omic platforms has enabled high-dimensional characterization of cellular states, cell-cell interactions, and tissue niches while preserving spatial context. These approaches have generated unprecedented insights into tumor organization, cellular plasticity, immune landscapes, vascular niches, and treatment-induced ecosystem remodeling.

methodsIn this review, we provide an overview of spatial omics applications in glioblastoma research so far.

resultsWe summarize the technologies employed, the types and numbers of patient samples analyzed, and the major biological and clinical insights generated. We compare the strengths and limitations of different spatial platforms, discuss key considerations for study design and data interpretation, and highlight emerging trends in multimodal and longitudinal analyses.

conclusionsBy integrating both technological and biological perspectives, this review serves as a practical resource for researchers seeking to implement spatial omics approaches in glioblastoma studies and to advance precision neuro-oncology.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGenomicsGlioblastomaProteomicsHumansMultiomicsSpatial TranscriptomicsTumor Microenvironmentglioblastomaspatial ecosystemsspatial omicstumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID42510862
PMCPMC13409877

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.