Evidence mapPaperPMID 42511099Full record

ArticleAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI2026

Preliminary Metabolomic Analysis: Serum Metabolomic Dynamics During Estrus Synchronization in Kazakh Mares.

Jiahao Liu, Jintao Gan, Xinkui Yao, Jianwen Wang, Wanlu Ren, Jun Meng, Yaqi Zeng

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jiahao LiuCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Jintao GanCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Xinkui YaoCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Jianwen WangCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7148-4557
Wanlu RenCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.ORCID 0009-0003-5822-8366
Jun MengCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Yaqi ZengCollege of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.ORCID 0009-0000-1881-1221

Funding

Central Guided Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project-"Research on the Reg-ulation Mechanism of Horse Breeding and Athletic Performance" ZYYD 2025 JD 02Key Research and Development Project of the Autonomous Region-"Research on Key Tech-nologies for the Cultivation of New Types of Yili Horses and the Centralized Feeding of Pregnant Horses" 2025B02019-2-2Major Science and Technology Special Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Re-gion-"Construction of an efficient breeding technology system for specialized domestic horse breeds" 2022A02013-1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the differences in serum metabolomes at different stages of estrus synchronization in Kazakh horses, to characterize dynamic changes in serum metabolites during estrus synchronization, and to screen potential metabolic markers and key regulatory pathways. Four sampling stages (M1: intravaginal device insertion; M3: device removal, labeled consistently with the pre-experiment timeline; P: 24 h post-PG injection; L: tertiary follicle emergence) were selected. The research results showed that 37 significantly different metabolites (DAMs) were identified in the M1-vs.-M3 positive ion mode, with 16 metabolites significantly upregulated and 21 significantly downregulated. In the M1-vs.-M3 negative ion mode, 47 significantly different metabolites were identified, including 17 upregulated and 30 downregulated. In the M3-vs.-P positive ion mode, 69 significantly different metabolites were identified, with 53 upregulated and 16 downregulated. In the M3-vs.-P negative ion mode, 63 significantly different metabolites were identified, including 39 upregulated and 24 downregulated. In the Pvs-L positive ion mode, 65 significantly different metabolites were identified, with 16 upregulated and 49 downregulated. In the P-vs.-L negative ion mode, 61 significantly different metabolites were identified, including 13 upregulated and 48 downregulated. The significantly different metabolites mainly included lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic heterocyclic compounds, and organic acids and their derivatives. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the significantly different metabolites in Kazakh horses at different stages were mainly enriched in nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism, amino acid synthesis, and related pathways. This study revealed significant differences in the serum metabolome, and nicotinic acid and nicotinamide metabolism, by generating NAD

Indexed as

DAMsKazakh horseserum metabolomicssynchronization of estrus

Identifiers

PMID42511099
PMCPMC13403378

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.