Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42511448›Full record

SynthesisInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

MicroRNAs in Salivary Gland Cancers Associated with Poor Prognosis: A Systematic Review.

Julia Pikul, Maja Cieślik, Kazimierz Niemczyk, Anna Rzepakowska

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Julia PikulDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-8763-2347
Maja CieślikDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-9377-132X
Kazimierz NiemczykDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Anna RzepakowskaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4012-8271

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Salivary gland cancers (SGCs) are rare and heterogeneous tumours, making the identification of reliable prognostic biomarkers challenging. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and may play important roles in tumour progression and treatment response. This systematic review aims to identify and summarize the current evidence on miRNA dysregulation in SGCs, with a particular focus on their prognostic relevance and therapeutic potential. A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted up to 3 December 2025, following PRISMA guidelines and a pre-registered protocol (CRD420251231827). Observational cohort and cross-sectional studies reporting microRNA dysregulation in human salivary gland tissues with prognostic assessment were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Due to considerable heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Twenty studies published between 2013 and 2025 that fulfilled the search criteria were further analyzed. Based on the currently available evidence, dysregulation of miRNAs associated with prognosis has been identified only in adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). Most studies originated from Asia and used qRT-PCR for miRNA assessment. Most researchers focused on the evaluation of selected candidate miRNAs, rather than conducting comprehensive miRNA profiling approaches in relation to prognosis. Several distinct dysregulated miRNAs were identified across the studies. Among them, miR-9, miR-21, miR-24 miR-29, miR-34c-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR-143, miR-145 and miR-205 were reported in more than one study and linked to clinicopathological advancement and a more aggressive disease course, thus leading to a poorer outcome. MiRNAs appear to represent promising prognostic biomarkers, either as independent predictors or in combination with established clinicopathological features. However, current evidence remains limited to selected histological subtypes and relatively small patient cohorts. Further well-designed studies with long-term follow-up are required. Moreover, comprehensive miRNA profiling with prognosis assessment is necessary before specific miRNAs could be reliably established as biomarkers and utilized in daily clinical practice.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorCarcinoma, Adenoid CysticMicroRNAsSalivary Gland NeoplasmsGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansPrognosisBiomarkers, TumorMicroRNAsadenoid cystic carcinomabiomarkersclinicopathological featuresmiRNAmucoepidermoid carcinomaoutcomepoor prognosissalivary gland cancer

Identifiers

PMID42511448
PMCPMC13410103

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.