Evidence mapPaperPMID 42511694Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Visceral Adiposity Is Associated with Elevated Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Levels and Anxiety Symptoms in Schizophrenia.

Aleksandra Julia Oracz, Stefan Modzelewski, Mateusz Zwierz, Maria Suprunowicz, Joanna Matowicka-Karna, Napoleon Waszkiewicz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Aleksandra Julia OraczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.
Stefan ModzelewskiDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-2448-1190
Mateusz ZwierzDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0006-3806-9849
Maria SuprunowiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0009-0006-6233-3945
Joanna Matowicka-KarnaClinical Laboratory Diagnostics Facility, Medical University of Białystok, pl. Waszyngtona 15A, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-4438-9110
Napoleon WaszkiewiczDepartment of Psychiatry, Medical University of Bialystok, pl. Wołodyjowskiego 2, 15-272 Białystok, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-7021-5133

Funding

Medical University of Białystok B.SUB.26.131
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are associated with visceral obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation. However, the role of inflammatory mediators in anxiety and depressive symptoms remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate associations between body fat distribution, circulating inflammatory mediators, and affective symptoms in schizophrenia. In this cross-sectional study, 67 patients with schizophrenia were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), with anxiety (G2) and depression (G6) items analyzed separately. Body composition, including visceral fat area (VFA), percent body fat (PBF), and skeletal muscle mass (SMM), was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Serum concentrations of 38 immune mediators were determined using Multiplex technology. Multivariable regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of affective symptoms. Among all analyzed immune mediators, only interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) was consistently associated with adiposity measures, showing the strongest correlation with VFA (rho = 0.53;

Indexed as

AdiposityAnxietyInterleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist ProteinIntra-Abdominal FatObesity, AbdominalSchizophreniaAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedInterleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Proteinanxiety symptomscytokinesinflammationinterleukin-1 receptor antagonist proteinschizophreniavisceral adiposity

Identifiers

PMID42511694
PMCPMC13410328

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.