ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Urinary DNA Methylation and Hydroxymethylation Dynamics as Candidate Biomarkers of Occupational Chemical Exposure-An Exploratory Pilot Study.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
DNA methylation (5-mdC) and its oxidative derivatives reflect interactions between environmental exposures and genome regulation, yet their short-term responsiveness to occupational factors remains insufficiently characterized. This exploratory pilot study evaluated whether a standard workweek is associated with measurable changes in urinary epigenetic and oxidative DNA modification profiles across distinct occupational settings. A cohort representing three exposure scenarios-cyanoacrylate-based cosmetic services, toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure, and polyurethane (PUR) foam processing-was examined using a paired pre-/post-exposure design. Urinary levels of 5-methyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-mdC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmCyt), 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-hmdC), 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG), 5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine (5-hmdU), and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5-hmUra) were quantified, and an epigenetic turnover ratio (5-hmdC/5-mdC) was derived. Although none of the observed shifts achieved formal statistical significance after False Discovery Rate (FDR) adjustment (
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