ReviewBiomedicines2026
Beyond Creatinine: Novel Renal Biomarkers at the Interface of Kidney Injury and Cardiovascular Risk.
Review in Biomedicines, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease, acute kidney injury and cardiorenal syndrome are major determinants of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, yet conventional renal assessment based on serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate and urine output often fails to detect early structural injury or pathway-specific cardiorenal risk. This narrative review synthesized recent evidence on emerging renal and cardiorenal biomarkers with potential value for cardiovascular risk stratification beyond creatinine. Literature published between 2015 and April 2026 was reviewed, focusing on biomarkers of tubular injury, functional renal impairment, fibrosis/remodeling and mineral metabolism. NGAL and KIM-1 may detect tubular stress and proximal tubular injury before overt functional decline and have shown relevance in heart failure, acute coronary syndromes and post-cardiac surgery settings. Cystatin C and pro-enkephalin refine functional renal assessment and may improve prognostic classification when creatinine is confounded by frailty, muscle mass or acute hemodynamic changes. Soluble ST2 and galectin-3 reflect inflammation, fibrosis and cardiorenal remodeling, while FGF-23 links kidney dysfunction to cardiovascular risk through phosphate imbalance, vascular calcification and myocardial hypertrophy. Multi-biomarker panels may help identify dominant cardiorenal phenotypes and personalize monitoring intensity. However, routine implementation requires standardized assays, validated thresholds, cost-effectiveness data and prospective evidence that biomarker-guided management improves clinical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.