Evidence mapPaperPMID 42514723Full record

ArticleVeterinary sciences2026

The Paradox of Availability: A Quantitative Analysis of Veterinary Medicinal Products for Aquaculture in Europe Between 2018 and 2026.

Lauren Chambers, Wiebke Jansen, Dušan Palić, Andrea Fabris, Alain Schonbrodt, Leona Nepejchalová, Nancy De Briyne

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Lauren ChambersFederation of Veterinarians of Europe, 1030 Brussels, Belgium.
Wiebke JansenFederation of Veterinarians of Europe, 1030 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-9639-6705
Dušan PalićFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Kaulbachstr 37, 80539 Munich, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-2980-821X
Andrea FabrisItalian Association of Fish Farmers (API), Via Del Perlar 37/A, 37135 Verona, Italy.
Alain SchonbrodtProfessional Veterinary Union (UPV), Rue Des Frères Grisleins 11, 1400 Nivelles, Belgium.
Leona NepejchalováInstitute for State Control of Veterinary Biopreparations and Pharmaceuticals (ÚSKVBL), Hudcova 232/56a, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Nancy De BriyneFederation of Veterinarians of Europe, 1030 Brussels, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-2348-930X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Availability of veterinary medicinal products is a critical determinant of health, welfare, and economic sustainability in European aquaculture. This study assessed the changes in the authorization and reported market availability of veterinary medicines for finfish in the European Union (EU) and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) between 2018 and 2026, by comparing and analyzing data on veterinary medicinal products for aquatic species from the Heads of Medicines Agencies (HMA), the FishMedPlus Coalition, and the European Medicines Agency Union Product Database. The results revealed a wide divergence between regulatory authorization and reported availability. While the total number of authorized VMPs nominally increased from 304 in 2018 to 332 in 2025 (+9.2%), the number of reported unique active substances available declined (-16.7%). Crucially, the analysis of 2025 data indicates that only 26.5% of authorized products were reported to be actively available on the market, creating a "paper market" that masks severe therapeutic gaps, particularly in minor fish species such as seabass, seabream, carp, and trout sectors. Potential key drivers identified were limited markets, industry consolidation, increased burden related to stricter environmental requirements, as well as enlarged administrative and financial burdens. Despite EU legislative mechanisms designed to support limited markets, the sector faces stagnation in therapeutic diversity, necessitating continued reliance on the off-label use of medicines.

Indexed as

aquaculturefish healthlimited marketsmarket consolidationregulation (EU) 2019/4regulation (EU) 2019/6Union Product Database (UPD)Veterinary Medicinal Products (VMPs)

Identifiers

PMID42514723
PMCPMC13431483

What Socratic holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.