Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42515427›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

A 1.8 mm-Diameter Chip-on-Tip Endoscope with Integrated µLED Illumination for Narrow-Cavity Imaging.

Manuela P Sá, Bernardo S Dores, José A Rodrigues, José H Correia, Marino J Maciel

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Manuela P SáCMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0009-0007-3094-7624
Bernardo S DoresCMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
José A RodriguesCMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-2527-5006
José H CorreiaCMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0001-5991-1069
Marino J MacielCMEMS-UMinho, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.ORCID 0000-0002-1752-2687

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Advances in microelectronics have driven the miniaturization of endoscopic systems, leading to increasingly compact devices with enhanced optical and electronic performance. However, the current state-of-the-art commercial endoscopes-typically ranging from several millimeters to over 1 cm in diameter-still face significant limitations when accessing delicate anatomical structures such as the Fallopian tubes, urethra, and other narrow cavities. In this paper, we introduce an ultracompact endoscope based on the use of a CMOS image sensor from ams OSRAM (NanEyeM) and a single micro-LED (LTW-FC03DCD5). We achieved a total diameter of 1.8 mm, compatible with ultra-narrow cavities of the human body. Optically, a minimal correlated color temperature of 10,343 K and a maximal color rendering index of 73.6 were achieved. These values allow for the detection of structures of small dimensions by morphological and vascular contrast. The optical system demonstrated the ability to resolve up to 83 lp/mm, with a diagonal field-of-view of 115.0° ± 2.4°, measured at different working distances, suitable for working distances encountered in narrow anatomical cavities. This work represents a first prototype for direct visual imaging in human organs not previously accessible by endoscopy, assisting healthcare professionals in clinical assessment and supporting the diagnosis of diseases.

Indexed as

EndoscopesEndoscopyLightingEquipment DesignHumansCMOS sensorex vivo validationimaging performancemicro-LEDoptical systemultracompact endoscope

Identifiers

PMID42515427
PMCPMC13417079

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.