Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42515760›Full record

ReviewPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Recent Advances in Pyrazole-Based Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Medicinal Chemistry Perspectives from 2020 to 2025.

Lalsu Yeysin, Deniz Akın, Süleyman Çalışkan, Elvan Hasanoğlu Özkan, Hamada Hashem, Suleyman Akocak, Stefan Bräse, Servet Çete

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lalsu YeysinInstitute of Science, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Türkiye.ORCID 0009-0005-3643-2707
Deniz AkınDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara 06500, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0002-7984-9159
Süleyman ÇalışkanDepartment of Material Processing Technologies and Polymer Technology, Kırıkkale Vocational School, Kırıkkale University, Kırıkkale 71450, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-2006-1276
Elvan Hasanoğlu ÖzkanDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara 06500, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0001-7338-4015
Hamada HashemDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-8649-7534
Suleyman AkocakDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Adıyaman University, Adıyaman 02040, Türkiye.ORCID 0000-0003-4506-5265
Stefan BräseInstitute of Biological and Chemical Systems Functional Molecular Systems (IBCS-FMS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Kaiserstrasse 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4845-3191
Servet ÇeteDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara 06500, Türkiye.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pyrazole derivatives have attracted considerable interest in medicinal chemistry as adaptable frameworks for developing cholinesterase inhibitors, owing to their advantageous physicochemical properties and structural flexibility. The heteroaromatic characteristics of the pyrazole core allow for various substitution patterns, promoting selective interactions with both the catalytically active site (CAS) and the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of cholinesterase enzymes. These attributes enable pyrazole-based drugs to be viable candidates for the therapy of cognitive disorders, especially Alzheimer's disease. This study aims to systematically describe medicinal chemistry studies on pyrazole-based cholinesterase inhibitors conducted from 2020 to 2025. The focus is on structural alterations of the pyrazole core and their impact on the inhibitory action against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis. Recent advancements in in vitro enzymatic inhibition studies, molecular docking, kinetic analysis, ADME predictions, and multi-target-directed ligand (MTDL) techniques are rigorously evaluated to elucidate trends in potency, selectivity, and drug-like characteristics based on information retrieved from three search engines: Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. This review addresses significant challenges in pharmacokinetics, blood-brain barrier permeability, and safety while delineating prospects for integrating rational design, computational modeling, and biological validation to expedite the development of clinically relevant pyrazole-based cholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease.

Indexed as

acetylcholinesteraseAlzheimer’s diseasebutyrylcholinesterasedrug designpyrazole

Identifiers

PMID42515760
PMCPMC13414970

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.