Evidence mapPaperPMID 42517028Full record

ReviewFrontiers in genetics2026

Epigenetic regulation in osteoarthritis: recent updates and emerging mechanisms.

Yujin Zhao, Xianwen Liu

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Yujin ZhaoDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Xianwen LiuDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage destruction, synovial inflammation, subchondral bone remodeling, and functional decline. Current treatments remain largely symptomatic and are unable to effectively halt or reverse disease progression. Increasing evidence indicates that epigenetic regulation provides a critical link between genetic susceptibility, mechanical loading, inflammation, aging, metabolic abnormalities, and pathological gene expression in OA. This review summarizes recent advances in OA epigenetics, with a particular focus on studies published over the past 2 years. We discuss classical mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA-mediated regulation, and further highlight emerging epigenomic layers such as chromatin accessibility, enhancer and super-enhancer remodeling, three-dimensional genome organization, tissue-specific regulation, and the integration of genetics with single-cell and spatial multi-omics. These mechanisms contribute to inflammatory activation, chondrocyte metabolic imbalance, extracellular matrix degradation, programmed cell death, cellular senescence, oxidative stress, and abnormal inter-tissue crosstalk. Epigenetic biomarkers and epigenetic-based interventions, including extracellular vesicle-mediated delivery, engineered RNA therapeutics, and small-molecule epigenetic drugs, may offer new opportunities for early diagnosis, disease stratification, and precision therapy. However, current studies are limited by model heterogeneity, sample variability, insufficient causal validation, limited reproducibility, and translational challenges related to delivery and safety. Overall, epigenetic regulation provides a systematic framework for understanding OA heterogeneity and progression and may promote the development of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

DNA methylationepigeneticsextracellular matrixhistone modificationmulti-omicsnon-coding RNAosteoarthritis

Identifiers

PMID42517028
PMCPMC13405534

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.