Evidence mapPaperPMID 42519455Full record

ReviewCardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism2026

Intermittent fasting in diabetic retinopathy: microbiome modulation, mechanisms, and clinical insights.

Oveis Ahmadzadeh, Dorsa Ghafouri, Aynaz Hoseinpour, Saba Motamedi Motlagh, Anita Shabani, Mahdi Shadnoush, Pegah Samani, Abasat Mirzaei, Zeinab Javid, Elham Ghorbani and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cardiovascular endocrinology & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Oveis AhmadzadehFaculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan.
Dorsa GhafouriDepartment of Nutrition, SR.C., Islamic Azad University.
Aynaz HoseinpourDepartment of Nutrition, SR.C., Islamic Azad University.
Saba Motamedi MotlaghDepartment of Nutrition, SR.C., Islamic Azad University.
Anita ShabaniDepartment of Nutrition, SR.C., Islamic Azad University.
Mahdi ShadnoushFaculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran.
Pegah SamaniNutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd.
Abasat MirzaeiDepartment of Health Care Management, Faculty of Health.
Zeinab JavidDepartment of Nutrition, TeMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran.
Elham GhorbaniMazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran.
Ghazal ZolfaghariDepartment of Nutrition, SR.C., Islamic Azad University.
Shamimeh ArabgolFaculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences.
Parichehr DarvishFaculty of Medicine.
Sahar Jafari KaregarDepartment of Nutrition, TeMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intermittent fasting, a nonpharmacological approach, shows promise for controlling diabetic retinopathy but lacks concrete human evidence directly associating intermittent fasting with eye responses. This review highlights preclinical research insights about intermittent fasting and integrates emerging insights on intermittent fasting and its role as a complementary and alternative therapy with conventional diabetic retinopathy therapies. Animal models emphasize that intermittent fasting exhibits multimodal retinal neuroprotective functions and benefits primarily based on enhancing insulin and glucose metabolism, improving retinal mitophagy and mitochondrial functions, and reducing retinal oxidative and inflammation stress. Moreover, alternate-day fasting, 5:2 dietary formulas, and time-restricted eating plans have shown efficacy against acellular capillaries within db/db mice retinas. Simultaneously, intermittent fasting alters retinal gut microbial and bile metabolite responses and thus endorses a gut and eye relationship. These preclinical and emerging research insights thus project intermittent fasting and retinal therapies routed via intermittent fasting and bile acids modulation as retinal supportive and adjuvant therapies.

Indexed as

autophagybile acidsdiabetic retinopathygut microbiomegut–retina axisintermittent fastingtauroursodeoxycholic acidtime-restricted eating

Identifiers

PMID42519455
PMCPMC13384697

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.