ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Serum vitamin D and B9 are positively associated with muscle mass in young and middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional study.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate associations between serum levels of multiple vitamins (D, E, B1, B3, B6, B9) and muscle mass measured as BIA-derived appendicular skeletal muscle mass adjusted by body mass index (ASM/BMI) in young and middle-aged Chinese adults. Methods: A total of 534 participants aged 18-55 years were recruited. Serum vitamins were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). ASM/BMI was derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Multivariate linear and ordinal logistic regression models were used adjusted for age, gender, lifestyle factors, nutritional supplementation, and chronic diseases. False discovery rate (FDR) correction was applied for multiple testing. Subgroup analyses were conducted by gender and age (18-30 vs. 30-55 years). Results: In adjusted linear regression, serum vitamin D [ Conclusions: In this cross-sectional study, higher serum vitamin D and vitamin B9 were associated with BIA-derived ASM/BMI. The negative association for vitamin B1 was not robust after FDR correction. These hypothesis-generating findings require prospective validation. Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2600124808 (China Clinical Trial Registry).
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