Evidence mapPaperPMID 42523679Full record

ReviewActa biochimica Polonica2026

Beyond biochemistry: multiparametric ultrasound parameters and their molecular correlates in cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome.

Marcin L Kutek, Jacek M Witkowski

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Acta biochimica Polonica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Marcin L KutekDepartment of Embryology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
Jacek M WitkowskiDepartment of Embryology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardio-renal-metabolic syndrome (CRMS)-characterized by the pathological interplay of visceral adiposity, insulin resistance, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease-affects over 90% of US adults across its staging spectrum, yet its multi-organ burden remains difficult to assess non-invasively at the point of care. This narrative mini review examines whether multiparametric ultrasound within a single examination can serve as an integrated imaging biomarker set complementary to established molecular markers of CRMS. A narrative search of PubMed (2015-2026) was conducted using PICO-structured queries. The hepatic controlled attenuation parameter and liver stiffness measurement correlate directly with Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), CRP, and adipokine dysregulation, with pooled CAP cutoffs of 268-313 dB/m and elastography thresholds of 8.2-13.6 kPa for fibrosis staging in MASLD. Epicardial adipose tissue thickness correlates with circulating IL-17A (r = 0.308), hs-CRP (r = 0.666), and HOMA-IR (r = 0.567-0.580), independently predicting left ventricular diastolic dysfunction beyond BMI. Carotid intima-media thickness tracks eGFR decline longitudinally and predicts cardiovascular mortality in CKD populations. Renal resistive index, with a validated threshold of ≥0.70, independently predicts GFR decline and cardiovascular mortality across diabetic and hypertensive populations. Renal shear wave elastography distinguishes fibrotic from non-fibrotic parenchyma, with 93.1% sensitivity against biopsy. Cross-compartmental correlations and composite imaging-biochemistry models consistently outperform single-parameter approaches. Two critical gaps remain: specific ultrasound values have not been associated with AHA/ACC CKM stages, and no outcome study has validated a multiorgan protocol. Multiparametric ultrasound provides a clinically feasible, evidence-based CRMS assessment that remains to be validated in prospective trials.

Indexed as

Cardio-Renal SyndromeMetabolic SyndromeBiomarkersCarotid Intima-Media ThicknessEpicardial Adipose TissueHumansUltrasonographyBiomarkerscardio-renal-metabolic syndromecarotid intima-media thicknesselastographyepicardial adipose tissuemultiparametric ultrasound

Identifiers

PMID42523679
PMCPMC13407380

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.