Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42523694›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein IgA is associated with worse disease severity in critically ill COVID-19 pneumonia patients.

David M Brett-Major, Dylan S George, Eric D Morrell, Carmen Mikacenic, Julie M Carstens, Laura E Evans, Mark M Wurfel, Pavan K Bhatraju, M Jana Broadhurst

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

David M Brett-MajorDepartment of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Dylan S GeorgeDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Eric D MorrellDivision of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
Carmen MikacenicBenaroya Research Institute, Virginia Mason Franciscan Health, Seattle, WA, United States.
Julie M CarstensDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.
Laura E EvansDivision of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
Mark M WurfelDivision of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
Pavan K BhatrajuDivision of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, United States.
M Jana BroadhurstDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

While humoral responses to vaccination and infection have largely focused on IgG, there is an evolving literature on ways in which IgA may drive neutrophil activity in lung injury secondary to viral infections, including COVID-19. We evaluated 238 immune-naïve, critically ill patients in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Employing a laboratory-developed, multiplexed antibody testing, clinical history, medical record, and machine learning, we pursued relationships between systemic IgA and disease severity. Individuals with elevated anti-N IgA had 4-fold odds of more severe disease. This work emphasizes the importance of continued work to understand how different elements of the immune system participate together in contributing to patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Antibodies, ViralCoronavirus Nucleocapsid ProteinsCOVID-19Immunoglobulin APhosphoproteinsSARS-CoV-2AgedCritical IllnessFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeutrophilsSeverity of Illness IndexAntibodies, ViralCoronavirus Nucleocapsid ProteinsImmunoglobulin Anucleocapsid phosphoprotein, SARS-CoV-2PhosphoproteinsCOVID-19critical careIgAIgGlung injurymachine learningneutrophilSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID42523694
PMCPMC13407393

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.