ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Linking glucose metabolism to arterial stiffness and blood pressure in non-diabetic adults: the mediating role of FGF21.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and aims: Although glucose levels are routinely used in the diagnosis and management of diabetes, their relevance in non-diabetic individuals remains underexplored. Considering the mediating role of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), this study examined the associations between plasma markers of glucose metabolism and blood pressure as well as vascular health in a population-based sample. Methods and results: In 228 non-diabetic adults from the MEGA study, multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations of fasting glucose, two-hour glucose levels following an oral glucose tolerance test, and HbA1c with blood pressure (BP) parameters, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index (AIx), peripheral augmentation index (pAIx), and central aortic pressure. Effect modifications of age, sex, and BMI and the mediation mechanism of FGF21 were investigated. Two-hour glucose levels were positively associated with systolic BP [β = 2.23; 95% CI (0.29; 4.17); Conclusion: In this population-based sample of non-diabetic adults, higher post-challenge glucose levels showed suggestive associations with blood pressure and vascular function, particularly in non-obese individuals and younger participants. However, these associations did not remain statistically significant after correction for multiple testing, indicating that the findings should be interpreted cautiously.
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