ArticleInternational journal of biological sciences2026
HLA class I-specific nucleolin peptides induce therapeutic T cells in triple-negative breast cancer patients.
Article in International journal of biological sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with poor prognosis and limited treatment options owing to the lack of expression of common therapeutic targets such as hormone receptors and HER2. Recent advances in immunopeptidomics have enabled the identification of tumor-associated antigen peptides that can elicit tumor-specific immune responses. We identified four novel HLA class I-restricted peptides derived from nucleolin (NCL), a protein overexpressed in TNBC that is associated with poor outcomes. We predicted and validated pNCL-01 through pNCL-04 because of its strong binding affinity to common HLA alleles (A*02:01 and B*15:01), with pNCL-04 demonstrating broad HLA-binding potential across 20 HLA alleles. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from both healthy donors and patients with TNBC were pulsed with these peptides, generating NCL-specific CD8
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