Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42529558›Full record

ArticlePrecision chemistry2026

Everolimus Delivery via Lignin Nanoparticles Enhances Antitumor Activity in Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.

Sofia Gabellone, Chiara Spadazzi, Davide Piccinino, Tiziana Castrignanò, Claudia Cocchi, Chiara Calabrese, Giovanni Carotenuto, Alessandro De Vita, Natalia Ceccotti Vlas, Giacomo Miserocchi and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Precision chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Sofia GabellonePreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Chiara SpadazziPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Davide PiccininoCentro Integrato di Ateneo, Sezione Centro Grandi Attrezzature, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell'Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Tiziana CastrignanòDipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-6720
Claudia CocchiPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Chiara CalabresePreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Giovanni CarotenutoDipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Alessandro De VitaPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1677-5797
Natalia Ceccotti VlasDipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
Giacomo MiserocchiPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Silvia VanniPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1192-7322
Sofia DellavallePreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Oneda CaniPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Giulia SbanchiPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Daniele AvitabileIDI Farmaceutici, Pomezia 00071, Italy.
Chiara LiveraniPreclinic and Osteoncology Unit, Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", 47014 Meldola, Italy.
Raffaele SaladinoDipartimento di Scienze Ecologiche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The mTOR inhibitor everolimus improved progression-free survival in patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer resistant to hormone therapy. Despite initial success, everolimus has not yet realized its full therapeutic potential due to its associated toxicities and the development of resistance. Here, we exploited biocompatible lignin nanoparticles to enhance everolimus delivery and the mechanism of action in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Everolimus was released from the lignin nanoparticles in a concentration-dependent manner, following a Fickian diffusion-like model. The nanoparticles protected the drug from potential pH-induced degradation. Confocal microscopy confirmed the diffusion and cytoplasmic localization of lignin nanoparticles, as well as the efficient release of the drug. Everolimus release effectively inhibits the proliferation in breast cancer MCF7 cells. EVE/LNPs showed an improved in vitro antitumor effect compared to EVE against the MCF7 cell line (63 vs 81% survival rate at 10 nM). Under acidic pH conditions, the lignin nanoparticles underwent partial degradation, probably generating oligomers with potential modulating effects on mTOR and FOXM1. Molecular docking simulations showed that lignin oligomers could selectively interact with the ATP-binding cavity of mTOR. The affinity of these interactions was modulated by the redox state of the lignin oligomers, with the strongest bond being observed for quinone derivatives. This dual-action mechanism, which combines drug delivery and modulation of cellular signaling, offers a promising "on/off" switch approach to enhance everolimus-based cancer therapies. Further in vivo studies are warranted to validate these findings.

Indexed as

drug deliveryeverolimusFOXM1lignin nanoparticlesmTOR

Identifiers

PMID42529558
PMCPMC13417523

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.