ReviewCureus2026
Decoding Neuropsychiatric Lupus: A Systematic Review of Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate and Anti-ribosomal P Antibodies.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) includes a wide range of neurological and psychiatric symptoms and is often difficult to diagnose. Autoantibody-mediated neuronal injury has been proposed as a central pathogenic mechanism in NPSLE, particularly involving anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) (anti-NR2/anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)) antibodies and anti-ribosomal P antibodies. This systematic review evaluated whether these antibodies predict neuropsychiatric or cognitive manifestations in patients with established SLE and assessed their clinical utility for risk stratification. A systematic search of Embase, Web of Science, and Ovid (MEDLINE) identified English-language studies published between January 2015 and December 2025 examining associations between anti-NR2/anti-NMDAR and/or anti-ribosomal P antibodies and neuropsychiatric or cognitive outcomes in SLE. Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)-guided screening and quality appraisal. Across cohorts, anti-NR2/anti-NMDAR antibodies were most consistently associated with neuropsychiatric phenotypes but showed no reproducible association with objective cognitive impairment or longitudinal cognitive decline. Anti-ribosomal P antibodies showed stronger associations with psychiatric symptom burden. Similarly, anti-ribosomal P positivity was not reliably linked to isolated global cognitive dysfunction. Overall, current evidence suggests that these antibody profiles assist in phenotypic stratification of NPSLE but cannot serve as a standalone predictive biomarker for cognitive impairment. This underscores the need for a multimodal clinical evaluation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.