Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42529710›Full record

ArticleTobacco induced diseases2026

Observation of inflammation and macrophage polarization in an experimental model of cigarette smoke-exposed mice and cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced RAW264.7 cells: An experimental preclinical study.

Jiazhen Zhao, Yang Liu, Yaxi Li, Zhiyuan Liu, Min Tan, Changhui Wang, Xuan Long, Xiaolian Song

Abstract read
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Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Jiazhen Zhao *The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China.
Yang Liu *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Yaxi Li *Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Zhiyuan LiuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, China.
Min TanDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Changhui WangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xuan LongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Xiaolian SongDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe present study aimed to investigate macrophage polarization imbalance and its association with sustained NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling under chronic inflammatory stimulation using both

methodsThis experimental preclinical study was conducted between March and September 2023, at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital. A chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-like inflammatory model was established in C57BL/6J mice (n=5 per group) through combined chronic cigarette smoke (CS) exposure (4 hours/day, 5 days/week for 15 weeks) and intranasal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration (7.5 μg on days 1 and 14), together with an

resultsAirflow limitation was observed in CS-exposed model mice, with significant reductions in FEV

conclusionsCS and CSE exposure induced M1 macrophage polarization in mice, as well as 10% CSE-induced RAW 264.7 cells, which may be related to the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway.

Indexed as

cigarette smokecigarette smoke extractCOPDinflammationmacrophage polarization

Identifiers

PMID42529710
PMCPMC13417965

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.