Trial reportUnited European gastroenterology journal2026
Characterising the Economic Burden of Functional Dyspepsia: A Cost-of-Illness Study of Direct and Indirect Costs.
Trial report in United European gastroenterology journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03652571 (Tailored Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia With Nortriptyline), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Tailored Treatment of Functional Dyspepsia With Nortriptyline: a Multi-center Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFunctional dyspepsia (FD) is a prevalent disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) and is associated with substantial impact on health care utilisation. However, analyses examining patient-specific characteristics that contribute to this burden remain limited. This study assessed the economic burden of patients with FD and examined patient-specific characteristics related to costs.
methodsPatients who had been recruited for a randomised controlled trial completed several questionnaires. Health care utilisation and productivity losses were measured using the iMTA Medical Consumption Questionnaire and Productivity Cost Questionnaire. Participants also completed the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level, Nepean Dyspepsia Index, Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Non-parametric bootstrapping was applied to calculate the mean annual costs. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify patient-specific characteristics associated with costs.
resultsData were obtained from 73 participants (median age 39 years; 75% female). Mean annual total costs accounted for €12,192 (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles, €1125 to €36,369), of which €10,240 (2.5th to 97.5th percentiles, €0 to €34,771) were indirect costs. Higher disease-specific quality of life (QoL) was associated with lower annual total costs (regression slope = -€4726 per 0.1-point increase in QoL; 95% CI, -€7636 to -€1815; p = 0.002), while symptom severity, generic health-related QoL or scores for anxiety or depression were not significantly associated.
conclusionPatients with poorer disease-specific QoL, but not necessarily those with more severe symptoms or higher scores for anxiety and depression, are particularly likely to incur higher annual costs. Understanding the nature of costs and associated patient characteristics is essential for enabling more targeted strategies.
trial registrationThe TENDER trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov under NCT03652571 on August 17, 2018.
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