Evidence mapPaperPMID 42534328Full record

ArticleReviews in cardiovascular medicine2026

Synergistic Prognostic Value of Epicardial Fat Volume and Triglyceride-Glucose Index in Heart Failure Patients With Glycemic Dysregulation.

Ziqi Chen, Ying Yang, Huiwen Chen, Qilin Li, Haifeng Zhang, Iokfai Cheang, Xinli Li

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ziqi ChenState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5483-0101
Ying YangState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0146-076X
Huiwen ChenState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Qilin LiState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Haifeng ZhangState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Iokfai CheangState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9950-9696
Xinli LiState Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, 210029 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7889-6359

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Glycemic abnormalities are highly prevalent in chronic heart failure (CHF) and exacerbate adverse cardiac remodeling. Epicardial fat volume (EFV) and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index may both reflect metabolic-cardiovascular interactions, but their combined prognostic utility in CHF patients with dysglycemia remains unexplored. Methods: We analyzed 516 CHF patients stratified by glycemic status: normal glucose (n = 230), prediabetes (n = 174), and diabetes (n = 112). Baseline characteristics, echocardiography (TTE), and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) data were assessed. The primary endpoint was defined as a composite of heart-failure hospitalization or all-cause mortality and was evaluated during a follow-up period of up to 3 years. Associations between EFV, TyG index, and primary endpoint were evaluated using stratified, joint, and incremental prognostic models. Results: Diabetic CHF patients were generally older, had higher smoking rates, worse renal function, and poorer nutritional status. CMR and TTE revealed more severe cardiac structural and functional impairments in dysglycemic groups, including reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and elevated EFV. EFV predicted primary endpoint with increasing accuracy across glycemic strata (AUC: 0.631-0.711 at 1-3 years), with the strongest predictive performance in diabetes. A significant correlation between TyG index and EFV was observed in diabetic patients (r = 0.24, Conclusion: In CHF patients with glycemic dysregulation, EFV and TyG index synergistically enhance clinical endpoint prediction, with EFV providing significant incremental prognostic value beyond TyG. These metrics may improve risk stratification and personalized management in comorbid heart failure and dysglycemia.

Indexed as

chronic heart failureepicardial fat volumeglycemic dysregulationprognostic modelingtriglyceride-glucose index

Identifiers

PMID42534328
PMCPMC13419982

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.