Evidence mapPaperPMID 42534427Full record

ReviewTherapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism2026

Beyond glycemic control: clinical cardiovascular effects of tirzepatide-a narrative review.

Azza O Alawad, Tarig H Merghani, Tarig E Fadelelmoula, Nasir Abdelrafie Elamin, Shahenaz Satti, Alhiedi Ali Edris, Alwaleed Hakim, Rima Fathi El-Hindi, Ahmed Abdalla Alhaj-Ali, Wasil Elnour Ibrahim and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Therapeutic advances in endocrinology and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Azza O AlawadDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Al Neelain, Khartoum, Sudan.
Tarig H MerghaniDepartment of Physiology, RAK College of Medical Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 11172, Ras Al-Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4827-8338
Tarig E FadelelmoulaDepartment of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman.
Nasir Abdelrafie ElaminDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman.
Shahenaz SattiDepartment of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman.
Alhiedi Ali EdrisDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Zayed Military Hospital, Ministry of Defence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Alwaleed HakimFaculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Rima Fathi El-HindiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emirates Healthcare Group, Dubai Health Authority, Jumeirah, United Arab Emirates.
Ahmed Abdalla Alhaj-AliDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Zayed Military Hospital, Ministry of Defence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Wasil Elnour IbrahimDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Military Hospital, Ministry of Defence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Muhanad Ahmed MustafaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Zayed Military Hospital, Ministry of Defence, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Maymouna Mohieldin SirelkhatimDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Bahla Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bahla, Oman.
Hany Hatim AhmedDepartment of Medicine, Bahla Hospital, Ministry of Health, Bahla, Oman.
Nadia Osman YousifDepartment of Paediatrics, Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The risk of cardiovascular disease is significantly increased by both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity through overlapping pathways involving insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, systemic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Tirzepatide, the first dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, has shown significant glycemic and weight-reducing effects and is increasingly recognized as a cardiometabolic therapy that extends beyond glucose control. This narrative review summarizes clinical and translational evidence about the cardiovascular and metabolic benefits of tirzepatide and the biologic mechanisms that may underpin its effects. Tirzepatide has consistently shown high improvements in key indicators of glycemic control and body weight across the SURPASS program in patients with T2DM and the SURMOUNT program in patients with obesity. Benefits include marked reduction in glycated hemoglobin and cardiovascular risk factors, such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure, atherogenic lipid parameters, visceral adiposity, and several inflammatory biomarkers. Dual incretin signaling seems to increase endothelial function by enhancing the bioavailability of nitric oxide, reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting pro-inflammatory pathways such as nuclear factor kappa B, and favorably modulating adipokine profiles, collectively supporting cardiovascular protection. Promising data suggest symptomatic and functional improvements in obesity-related heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events are currently under investigation in dedicated outcome trials, including the SURPASS Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial. Overall, tirzepatide provides broad cardiometabolic benefits, making it a promising treatment in the changing landscape of cardiometabolic disease management.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseasesdiabetes mellitusglucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonistsobesitytirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID42534427
PMCPMC13420054

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.