ArticleFrontiers in pediatrics2026
Multimodality imaging in the diagnosis of biliary rhabdomyosarcoma in a young child: a case report.
Article in Frontiers in pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children, but biliary involvement is extremely rare, accounting for approximately 0.5% of all pediatric RMS cases. Case presentation: We report a 2-year-11-month-old girl presenting with obstructive jaundice, whose condition was initially misdiagnosed as choledochal cysts. Multimodality imaging-ultrasound, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/ magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and positron emission tomography (PET)-CT-revealed a solid hilar mass with biliary dilation. This integrated imaging approach guided subsequent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) with stenting and open biopsy. Histopathology confirmed embryonal RMS (MyoD1+/Myogenin+). The patient was staged as intermediate-risk (stage III) and received vincristine, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) chemotherapy. Conclusion: Multimodality imaging is critical for timely diagnosis and staging of biliary RMS, enabling accurate biopsy and guiding multidisciplinary management.
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