Evidence mapPaperPMID 42538376Full record

ArticleJournal of anesthesia2026

Effect of preoperative anxiety on acute post-spinal low back pain after cesarean delivery: a prospective cohort study.

Susmita Shrestha, Asish Subedi, Krishna Pokharel, Siddhartha Koirala, Yogesh Dhakal

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Article in Journal of anesthesia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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5 authors.

Susmita ShresthaDepartment of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Asish SubediDepartment of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal. asish_subedi@alumni.harvard.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0471-8760
Krishna PokharelDepartment of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Siddhartha KoiralaDepartment of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.
Yogesh DhakalDepartment of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, BP Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, Nepal.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeWhile multiple factors contribute to acute post-spinal low back pain (LBP), the role of preoperative anxiety in obstetric patients remains unclear. This prospective study investigated the association between preoperative anxiety and acute post-spinal LBP following cesarean delivery (CD).

methodsPatients undergoing elective (category 4) or non-elective (categories 2 and 3) CD under spinal anesthesia were enrolled. Preoperative anxiety was defined as an Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale score ≥ 11. The primary outcome was the incidence of acute post-spinal LBP during movement at 24 h after surgery. Based on LBP scores, patients were categorized into no-to-mild pain (Numeric Rating Scale [NRS] 0-3) and moderate-to-severe pain (NRS ≥ 4). Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for the incidence and presence of moderate-to-severe acute post-spinal LBP.

resultsAmong 295 patients analyzed, 78 (26%) had preoperative anxiety. Acute post-spinal LBP during movement at 24 h occurred in 42 patients (14%). Pre-existing LBP (odds ratio [OR] 3.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.61-7.06; P = 0.001) and delayed post-delivery ambulation (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.09-1.46; P = 0.002) were associated with the overall incidence of acute post-spinal LBP. Predictors of moderate-to-severe pain were preexisting LBP (OR 3.88, 95% CI 1.33-11.28; P = 0.013), preoperative anxiety (OR 3.50, 95% CI 1.24-9.84; P = 0.017), and delayed post-delivery ambulation (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.17-1.85; P = 0.001).

conclusionPreoperative anxiety was not associated with the incidence of acute post-spinal LBP but independently predicted moderate-to-severe pain. Pre-existing LBP and delayed post-delivery ambulation were also independent predictors of moderate-to-severe acute post-spinal LBP.

Indexed as

AnxietyCesarean deliveryLow back painSpinal anesthesia

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.