ReviewGenes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society2026
Aflatoxin exposure and health impacts: global burden and advances in detection technologies.
Review in Genes and environment : the official journal of the Japanese Environmental Mutagen Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Green Extraction Techniques for Recovering Polyphenols From Cocoa Bean Shells for Application in Food Processing: A Systematic Review.Journal of food science · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimsAflatoxins are food contaminants that cause exposure and adverse health effects and are detected using modern analytical methods. This review summarizes global aflatoxin exposure levels, exposure routes, associated health effects, and detection technologies.
methodsThis narrative review was guided by the Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) framework. Relevant literature was retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies addressing aflatoxin exposure, health effects, and detection technologies were included and qualitatively synthesized.
resultsThis review showed that in Côte d'Ivoire, peanut paste had 100% AFB1 contamination, with levels of 4535 µg/kg (AFB1) and 8094 µg/kg (total aflatoxins), and 99% of samples exceeded European Union limits. Dietary intake is the main route of exposure (0.3-180 ng/kg/day), with additional exposure via prenatal transfer, breastfeeding (0.01-0.55 ng/mL AFM1), and complementary feeding. Biomarkers show high aflatoxin exposure: 97% (Malaysia) and 94% (pregnant women in Nepal; 0.45-2939.30 pg/mg). Aflatoxin exposure is responsible for 4.6-28.2% of global hepatocellular carcinoma cases, contributes to approximately 250,000 deaths annually, and is associated with a 2-4-fold higher risk of cancer in children. High-performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) is widely used, while Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is the gold standard (< 1 ng/mL). Electrochemical immunosensors reach 0.3 pg/mL, and lateral flow assays provide rapid but less sensitive screening.
conclusionAflatoxin exposure is a major global public health concern. Improved detection methods and food safety measures are essential to reduce exposure and disease burden.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.