SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026
Association between metabolic risk factors and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Considerable evidence suggests that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is tightly related to metabolic disorders. However, it is not yet clear which metabolic risk factors play a critical role in hepatocarcinogenesis. Methods: We searched Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception up to April 29, 2023. The hazard ratio (HR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to assess the pooled risk. Results: Seventy-three studies involving more than 45 million participants were included. Among the metabolic risk factors: metabolic syndrome (MetS) (HR = 1.80, 95%CI: 1.44-2.25), diabetes mellitus (DM) (HR = 2.01, 95%CI: 1.79-2.27), body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m Conclusion: Adverse metabolic risk factors are associated with an increased risk of HCC, which may provide new insights into HCC screening strategies for patients with these risk factors. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42023401883.
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