ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Inflammation as a master regulator of immunotherapy response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: from malignant transformation to ecology-aware precision combinations.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
In the era of immunotherapy, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has demonstrated clear benefits from immune-based treatments and is widely regarded as a tumor type with high immunotherapeutic potential. These tumors are characterized by robust and persistent inflammatory responses that actively drive tumor initiation and progression while concurrently shaping their sensitivity or resistance to therapy. Inflammation simultaneously creates therapeutic vulnerabilities and barriers by altering tumor behavior and reprogramming the immune microenvironment. This review examined HNSCC through a tripartite prism of inflammation, immunity, and tumor biology to demonstrate how chronic inflammatory cues rewire immune cells, reshape signaling circuits, and remodel tissue architecture, ultimately altering responses to immunotherapy. We first examined how immune cell reprogramming occurs under inflammatory pressure. Macrophages, regulatory T cells, exhausted CD8
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