ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2026
Probiotics in Combination with C16 Peptide and Angiopoietin-1 Synergistically Ameliorate Multiple Sclerosis in Mice.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by demyelination, axonal loss, and neuronal injury. At present, effective treatment options remain limited. Prior research demonstrated the protective effects of a compound that consists of C16 peptide and angiopoietin-1 (C16-Ang-1) in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a validated animal model of MS. This study aims to investigate the potential synergistic effects of probiotics with C16+Ang-1, and elucidate its underlying mechanisms in mice. Methods: C57/BL6 mice were randomly assigned to control, vehicle, probiotics, and C16+Ang-1+probiotics groups. Histological examinations, behavioral tests, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal samples, were conducted to determine the levels of CNS inflammation, demyelination and axonal loss, neuronal survival, and functional recovery. Results: Compared to the probiotics group, the C16+Ang-1+probiotics group exhibited significant synergistic effects. Specifically, the combined treatment with C16+Ang-1+probiotics had significantly greater effects than probiotics alone in reducing inflammatory severity in the CNS and colon, improving the microenvironment, protecting the gut-blood barrier, and preserving blood-brain barrier integrity. These effects collectively led to the greater amelioration of functional disability in the mouse model of MS. Further mechanistic studies suggested that these effects involved the modulation of the brain-gut axis, and maintenance of gut microbiota homeostasis. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the combination of probiotics and C16-Ang-1 acts synergistically to ameliorate MS in mice, resulting in a greater effect. Therefore, this combination therapy warrants further investigation to explore its potential clinical benefits, ultimately improving the care for patients with MS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.