Evidence mapPaperPMID 42545892Full record

ReviewClinical and translational allergy2026

Integrated Immune, Epithelial and Lipid Pathways in NSAID-Exacerbated Respiratory Disease.

Piotr Szatkowski, Lucyna Mastalerz

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical and translational allergy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Piotr Szatkowski2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
Lucyna Mastalerz2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8994-0036

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and respiratory reactions to cyclooxygenase-1 inhibiting nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID). Its pathogenesis involves dysregulated arachidonic acid metabolism, epithelial barrier dysfunction and activation of multiple immune cell types, including eosinophils, mast cells, macrophages, basophils, and innate lymphoid cells. Recent genomic and transcriptomic analyses have revealed variants in genes linked to epithelial integrity and cellular interactions, metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming of monocyte-derived macrophages that promotes persistent proinflammatory activity. Emerging biomarkers, such as 15-oxo-eicosatetraenoic acid (15-oxo-ETE), acylcarnitines, apolipoprotein E, oncostatin M, surfactant protein D, retinoic acid and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor provide novel mechanistic insights. A recently proposed Aspirin Hypersensitivity Diagnostic Index, integrating urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) and 15-oxo-ETE with sinus computed tomography (CT) scoring, may offer a practical noninvasive diagnostic tool. Inflammatory endotyping highlights substantial heterogeneity in N-ERD, encompassing T2-dominant, T1-, T3-related and neutrophilic inflammatory patterns, which may coexist or vary across airway compartments and influence clinical presentation and treatment response. As therapeutic strategies evolve, biologic agents targeting T2 pathways are becoming increasingly central, while aspirin therapy after desensitization may be reserved for selected patients. This review aims to summarize current mechanistic insights into the immune, epithelial, and lipid pathways involved in N-ERD, with a particular focus on emerging biomarkers and inflammatory endotypes relevant to diagnosis and personalized therapy.

Indexed as

biomarkerseffector cellsNSAID‐exacerbated respiratory disease

Identifiers

PMID42545892
PMCPMC13431871

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.